Water tube boiler



Patented Mar. 2, 1954 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 5 Claims.

This invention relates to a boiler of the stationary or semi-stationary type provided with a plurality of horizontal cylinders situated at different heights, which communicate together through nests of boiler tubes exposed to the heat of the combustion products. The outer casing supporting said cylinders is on its inside generally provided with refractory material to an extent depending upon the boiler capacity and internal arrangement of the individual elements. The boilers of this type may be used for the production both of steam and hot water for various uses. The generated steam is either collected in at least one top cylinder above a fixed level of water contained therein or all cylinders were filled with water.

The object of this invention is to provide in a boiler of the above referred to type means adapted to reduce or even obviate the use of fire-proof material for the internal lining of the casing, said means being at the same time adapted to increase the heat efficiency of the boiler.

The boiler according to this invention has the characteristic feature that nests of tubes are arranged between a plurality of cylinders situated preferably at two different heights and communicating together through bundles of boiler tubes, said nests of tubes being positioned adjacent the rear and front wall, respectively, of the casing, water streaming constantly through said tubes, in order to cool said walls. In order to increase the rate of flow of the water, tubes of sufiiciently large diameter are arranged between the ends of said bodies externally of the casing.

Since, as mentioned above, the boilers of this type may be employed for producing steam or hot water attention is drawn to the fact that, in the case of steam boilers, the water level in the top cylinders shall coincide with the middle horizontal plane of each cylinder, so that all the tubes opening into the upper cylinders below the middle horizontal plane are implicitly understood to be connected with the water space in said cylinders.

The invention shall be more readily understood from the following description in which reference is made to the accompanying drawing showing a cross sectional view of a stationary boiler having four cylinders.

The boiler shown in the drawing comprises 4 cylindrical cylinders AI, A2 and BI, B2 arranged at difierent heights. The upper cylinders Bl, B2 connect with the lower cylinders Al, A2 by means 2 of nests of boiler tubes TI, T2, T3, T4 arranged on both sides of a combustion space 6 and by means of the bundles T adjacently located to the front and rear walls 4'. Tubes T open into each upper cylinder below its horizontal middle plane. The boiler is provided with two external tubes 5 of relatively large diameter for increasing the rate of flow between upper and lower cylinders B, A, respectively, said tubes 5 opening into each upper cylinder below its horizontal middle plane. The two lower cylinders Al, A2 communicate through a tube 1 located externally of the boiler casing 4. Similarly, two upper cylinders Bl, B2 communicate at their upper end through an outer tube 9.

For convenience the cylinders Al, A2, Bl, B2,

and the tube nests T, TI, T2, T3, T4 are symmetrically with respect to a longitudinal vertical plane, of which the line V-V is the trace while the connecting tubes 1 and 9 are detachably secured to their respective cylinders.

Tube 1 is provided with end flanges la and 1b which are secured to their respective connections provided at the ends of cylinders Al and A2. Similarly, the tube 9 is provided with two flanges 9a and 9b which are secured to their respective connections la and lllb fixed to the upper cylinders. v

A roof R of a fireproof material is provided between the two upper cylindrical bodies Bl, B2. This roof R serves to increase the efiiciency of the steam generator, as the heat radiated from said roof onto the grate produces an easy combustion particularly also of material having a low combustive efficiency.

By the above described connection the boiler may be disassembled into two symmetrical parts easy to be transported and which may be adapted to any width of the grate 2 depending upon the type of coal used.

Baflies Ill are disposed between tube nests T2 and T3 which guide combustion products from combustion space 6 toward the chimney.

I wish it to be understood that I do not desire to be limited to the exact details of construction shown and described, for obvious modifications will occur to a person skilled in the art.

What I claim is:

1. In a water tube boiler, in combination, an outer casing, horizontal cylindrical drums vertically superposed in said casing at a different height, a combustion space and front, rear and lateral walls, said combustion space being encased by the horizontal cylindrical drums and said front, rear and lateral walls, a first set of tubes adjacently located to the lateral walls of said combustion space inwardly facing said combustion space and directly connecting said upper and lower cylindrical drums, a second set of tubes adjacently positioned to said front and rear walls, said second set of tubes openin into the upper drums below the water level, a third set of tubes located on the outer sides of the lateral walls of said combustion space, said third set of tubes opening into the upper cylindrical drums above the water level, tubes of a larger diameter than said previously mentioned tubes located externally of said casing and directly connecting the end portion of the upper drums with the end portions of the lower drums and opening into said upper drums below the water level, a horizontal tube located externally of said casing and connecting the end portions of said two lower drums, the combustion space being encased by the upper and lower cylindrical drums and the front, rear and lateral walls having tubes conducted thereto only at the lateral, front and rear walls of the combustion chamber.

2. In a water tube boiler, in combination, a grate in said casing, two first horizontal cylindrical drums located on both sides of said grate, two further horizontal cylindrical drums positioned above said two first drums and above said grate, a combustion space and front, rear and lateral walls, the combustion space being encased by said grate, said first horizontal cylindrical drums located on both sides of said grate, said two further horizontal cylindrical drums positioned above said two first mentioned drums and the front, rear and lateral walls, a first set of tubes adjacently located to the lateral walls of said combustion space inwardly facing said combustion space and directly connectin said upper and lower cylindrical drums, a second set of tubes adj acently positioned to said front and rear walls,

said second tubes opening into the upper drums below the water level, a third set of tubes located at the outer sides of the lateral walls of said combustion space, said third set of tubes opening into the upper cylindrical drums above the water level, tubes of a larger diameter than said previously mentioned tubes located externally of said casing and directly connecting the end portions of the upper drums with the end portion of the lower drums and opening into said upper drums below the water level, a tube of a larger diameter than said last mentioned tubes establishing a direct outer connection between one end portion of said two lower cylindrical drums, an additional outer tube of a larger diameter than said previously mentioned tubes connecting the upper portions of the two upper cylindrical drums, the combustion space being encased by the upper and lower cylindrical drums and the front, rear and lateral walls having tubes conducted thereto only at the lateral, front and rear walls of the combustion chamber.

3, In a water tube boiler, in combination, an outer casing, a grate centrally located in the lower portion of said casing, a lower set of two horizontal cylindrical drums arranged on both sides of said grate, an upper set of two horizontal cylindrical drums positioned above said first two drums and above said grate, a combustion space and front, rear and lateral walls, the combustion space being encased by said grate, said horizontal cylindrical drums being located at both sides of said grate, said upper cylindrical drums being located above said grate and said front, rear and lateral walls, a first set of tubes located adjacently to the lateral walls of said combustion space inwardly facing said combustion space and directly connecting said upper and lower cylindrical drums, a second set of tubes positioned adjacently to said front and rear walls, said second tubes opening into the upper drums below the water level, a third set of tubes located at the outer sides of the two lateral walls of said combustion space, said third tubes opening into the upper cylindrical drums above the water level, the first and third set of tubes directly connecting said upper cylindrical drums and the cylindrical drums located underneath thereof, tubes of larger diameter than said previously mentioned tubes located externally of said casing and directly connecting the end portions of each upper cylindrical drum with the end portion of the cylindrical drum placed above, said tubes opening in the upper cylindrical drums below the water level, a first additional tube of a larger diameter as the last mentioned tube establishing a direct connection between an end portion of said two lower cylindrical bodies and a second additional tube of a larger diameter than the previously mentioned tube connecting the upper portions of said two upper cylindrical drums, the combustion space being encased by the upper and lower cylindrical drums and the front, rear and lateral walls having tubes conducted thereto only at the lateral, front and rear walls of the combustion chamber.

4:, In a water tube boiler, in combination, an oute casing, a grate centrally located in the lower portion of said casing, a set of two lower horizontal cylindrical drums arranged on both sides of said grate, a set of two higher horizontal cylindrical drums positioned above said first two drums and above said grate, a roof of a fireproof material placed between and supported by said two upper cylindrical drums and above the grate,v

a combustion space and a front, rear and lateral walls, the combustion space being encased by said grate, the horizontal cylindrical drums located on both sides of said grate, said roof of fireproof material being located between said upper cylindrical drums, and said front, rear and side wall, a first set of tubes located adjacently to the lateral walls of said combustion space inwardly facing said combustion space and directly .connecting said upper and lower cylindrical drums, a second set of tubes adj acently positioned to said front and rear walls, said second tubes opening into the upper drums below the water level, a third set of tubes located at the outer sides of the two lateral walls of said combustion space, said third tubes opening into the upper cylindrical drums above the water level, the first, second and third set of tubes directly connectin each. lower cylindrical drum with the upper cylindrical drum located underneath thereof, tubes of larger diameter than said previously mentioned tubes located externally of said casing and directly connecting the end portions of each upper cylindrical drum with the end portion of the cylindrical drum placed above, said tubes opening into the upper cylindrical drums below the water level, a first additional tube of a larger diameter than the last mentioned tubes establishing a direct connection between the end portions of said two lower cylindrical drums and a second additional tube of a larger diameter than the previously mentioned tube connecting the upper portions of said two upper cylindrical drums, the combustion space being encased by the upper and lower cylindrical drums and the front, rear and lateral 5 walls having tubes conducted thereto only at the lateral, front and rear walls of the combustion chamber.

5. In a water tube boiler, according to claim 4, the cylindrical drums and tubes being symmetrically arranged on both Sides of a vertical plane centrally extending through said casing, the horizontal larger diameter tubes connectin the two lower drums and the upper portions of the upper drums being attached to said drums by means of releasable joints.

GUGLIELMO PIPERNO.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 472,309 Mosher Apr. 5, 1892 Number Number Name Date Ferrand Jan. 4, 1898 Stevens Dec. 20, 1898 DAboville Dec. 27, 1898 Melhorn Aug. 19, 1902 Schulz Sept. 1, 1903 Mackay Jan. 1, 1924 Cantieny Nov. 20, 1928 Rohrer Apr. 11, 1939 FOREIGN PATENTS Country Date Great Britain Feb. 21, 1910 

